Radio shielding for electrical distributing systems



Jan. 18, 1938. J MASCUCH 2,105,790

RADIO SHIELDING FOR ELECTRICAL DISTRIBUTING SYSTEMS Filed sept. 23, 1929INVEN TOR;

j Argzgmzy.

' Patented Jan. v

- RADIO SHIELDING TRIB FOR ELECTRICAL DIS- UTING SYSTEMS Joseph J.Mascuch, Newark, N. 1. Application September 23, 1929, Serial No.394,618

43 Claims.

This invention relates to an electric distribution system for internalcombustion engines and particularly to a system of radio shielding forthe electric conductors used in the ignition system of such engines andit has for an object to provide a continuous metallic shielding for thehigh tension conductors which is partly flexible and waterprooied whileat the same time maintaining the insulation required on such conductors.This inlo vention is a continuation in part of my co-pendingapplications, Serial Nos. 358,711, flled April 2'1,

1929 and 360,936, flied May 6, 1929, and is more particularly describedinthe following specifications and illustrated in the accompanyingdrawing, in which Fig. 1 is a conduit layout for a radial type of engineas used in airplanes constructed according to my invention; Fig. 2 is adetail partly sectioned, showing a connection to an engine cyl- Fig. 3is a section of the conduit used in making a connection to a spark plug;Fig. 4 is an enlarged detail of the spark plug connection and flexibleconduit partly sectioned and Figs. 5 and 6 are details of the connectionbetween the electric conductor and the terminal of the spark plug.

The use oi radio apparatus on airplanes, automobiles, motor boats orother places where internal combustion engines are used makes itnecessary to shield the high tension conductors leading to the sparkplugs to prevent interference with the radio apparatus. For this purposethe high tension connections to the spark plugs are insulated heavilyand placed in metallic conduits which are grounded on some part of themechanism. The present invention relates to the construction of thisconduit and to the features whereby it is waterprooied.

In the drawing, II is a relatively rigid pipe conduit in circular formwhich is placed around the base of the cylinders of a radial type ormotor led to the spark plugs. This conduit is secured in place by thecleats I3 and is provided with the yokes l4 connecting with the magnetosof the engine which are not shown. Where engines or types other thanradialare shielded, the conduit I i may be' made as a straight tube,U-shaped, oval, or other shape, in one piece or sectional, whichever maybe best suited to a particular engine. In Fig. 2, conduit II is shownthe conductors are go in section with the high tension conductors Itplaced therein and having a flexible conduit it connected by the screwcollars N at one end to the conduit H,- and at the opposite end to theelbow ll, connected with the spark plug of the engine II. A flexibleconduit ii is connected to each and is provided with screw outlets at l2whereby outlet l2 and encloses one conductor from the conduit H to eachspark plug. The term spark plug", as used herein, includes memberscarried by the plug for the purpose of shielding the plug itself. r 5

The spark plug 2| is provided with a stem 2| located in elbow 23 andwhich has a terminal 25 passing through the eye 21, Fig. 5, in theconnector 26. The high tension conductor 22 comprises the conductingwire 3i, Fig. 6, and the 10 rubber insulation. This wire is providedwith a terminal 29 formed in a ball 30 to which the wire 3| is soldered,the terminal being of the same diameter as the insulation of the wire.and is inserted in a socket 28 in the connector 26, the socket 15 28 ismade with spring fingers to engage the ball 30 as the wire'is pushedinto place. This forms a universal connection between the stem of thespark plug and the conductor 22.

The spark plug is provided with a. porcelain 20 elbow 23 which is s'tably coated with a metallic foil which is grounded on the engine frameand is provided with the screw collar at 32 to which the flexibleconduit is attached.

The flexible conduit i6 comprises an inner metallic hose of the typewhich is made from rolled strip with interloc ng joints and is commonlyused in the electrical industries for this purpose, however, in thepresent case this hose is preferably made from aluminum strip. Theoverso lapping joints of the metallic hose are provided with asbestospacking according to standard practice for making this hose waterproof.The metallic hose is braided with a comparatively flne wire which may befinished by electroplating. 35 When double braided in this way themetallic hose is completely protected against mechanical abrasion andthe braiding in combination with the metallic hose provides completeradio shielding without making the wire unduly rigid.

The metallic hose is indicated at 31 and the double braiding on theoutside of the hose is indicated at 36 in Fig. 4. At the ends a flangedcollar 35 is soldered to the'braiding and is secured by the screw collar34 against the collar 32. The outer end of collar 32 is cone shaped anda rubber gasket 33 is seated in this conical shaped cavity and forcedinto engagement with the rubber covered wire 22 by the screw attachment34, thus making it impossible for moisture to penetrate the connectionin the elbow 23.

This provides a complete metallic cover for the conductor from the placewhere it connects with the spark plug up to the connection to themagneto and, at the same time, provides a universal connection at thespark plug outlet which is protected against moisture.

Where the ignition leads are separately shielded from the magneto to thespark plugs, the electrical capacitance of the shielding system withrelation to the ignition system is so high as to interfere with thefunctioning of the ignition system. This objection is overcome bygrouping the leads in a single manifold which materially reduces theelectrical ing system.

Having thus described my invention, I claim;

1. In a radio shielding means for aviatiomengines having a circularcontour, a tube shaped to conform to the contour of an engine andprovided with a plurality of projecting outlets and means for removablyattaching the tube to an engine.

2. In a radio shielding means for aviation encircular contour, a tubeshaped to conform to the contour of an engine and provided with aplurality of projecting outlets and means for attaching the tube to anengine comprising a plurality of cleats disposed on the tube. 3. In aradio shielding means for aviation enoi' co-operating shieldingelementsand to permit the passage of ignition wires and means to attach theconduit to an engine.

6. In a radio shielding means for internal comto permit the passage ofignition wires and means to attach the conduit to an engine.

7. In a radio shielding system for internal combustion engines havingplugs, a rigid ii'old being provided with a relatively large opening toreceive a plurality of ignition wires from said distribution unit of theignition system and a plurality of relatively small projecting outletsto permit individual ignition wires to extend from the rigid manifold tospark plugs.

9. A shielding means for engines having a magneto and spark plugscomprising a main element capacitance of the shieldadapted to be securedto an engine between the magneto and the spark plugs and to enclose theignition wires thereof, and a plurality of elements each connecting withthe main element and adapted to receive and shield individual wires,said elements forming a continuous electrical shield for the wires.

10. A shielding means for engines having a magneto and spark plugscomprising a main element adapted to be secured to an engine between themagneto and spark plugs and to enclose the ignition wires thereof, and aplurality of elements each removably connecting with the main elementand adapted to receive and shield individual wires, said elementsforming a continuous electrical shield for the wires.

11. In a radio shielding means for internal combustion engines amanifold rality of ignition wires. said manifold being provided with aplurality of screw-threaded outlets to permit the wires to extend fromthe manifold to spark plugs.

12. In a radio shielding means for internal combustion engines amanifold to receive a plurality of ignition wires., said manifold beingprovided with a plurality of screw-threaded outlets to receive conduitsadapted to enclose wires between the manifold and spark plugs.

13. A radio shielding means for internal com bustion engines comprisinga rigid conduit to enclose and electrically shield a plurality ofignition wires and flexible conduits to enclose each wire from the rigidconduit to the spark plugs.

14. A'radio shielding means for internal combustion engines comprising amain conduit to enclose and electrically shield a plurality of ignitionwires and flexible conduits to enclose each 15. A radio shielding meansfor internal combustion engines comprising a rigid conduit to manifoldbeing provided with outlets for single wires, and flexible conduitsconnected to said outlets to enclose-single wires from the manifold tothe' spark plugs. 18. A radio shielding bustion engines com means forinternal coma rigid conduit to to receive a pin-- said rigid andflexible conduits forming a liquid proof housing for the ignition wires.

20. A shielding means for engines comprising a main element adapted tobe secured to an engine and to enclose the ignition wires thereof, and aplurality of flexible elements each removably connecting with the mainelement and adapted to receive and shield an individual wire, saidelements forming a continuous electrical shield for the wires, I

21. A radio shielding means for internal combustion engines comprising amain element to enclose a plurality of ignition conductors and aplurality of bendable coverings adapted to enclose ignition conductorsbetween the main element and individual spark plugs, said bendablecoverings being readily detachable from the main element. A

22. A radio shielding means for internal combustion engines comprising'acentral manifold adapted to enclose a plurality of ignition-conductorsand a plurality of flexible shielding elements to surround conductorsfrom the manifold to spark plugs, said flexible elements being readilydetachable from the central manifold.

23. A radio shielding means for internal combustion engines comprising arigid conduit to enclose and electrically shield a plurality of ignitionwires-and flexible conduits to enclose wires from the rigid conduit toindividual spark plugs.

24. A radio shielding means for internal combustion engines comprising amain conduit to enclose and electrically shield a plurality of ignitionwires and flexible conduits to enclose wires from the main conduit toindividual sparkplugs,

said flexible conduits being readily detachable from the main conduit.

25. In a radio shielding means for internal combustion engines, a mainelement, a plurality of ignition conductors disposed in the mainelement, said conductors projecting from the main element at variouspoints and bendable metallic coverings enclosing the said projectingportions of said conductors from the main element to spark plugs, saidbendable coverings being readily detachable from the main element.

26. In a radio shielding means for internal combustion engines a rigidmanifold, a plurality of ignition wires carried in the manifold and ex:tending therefrom and bendable metallic sheaths on the extended portionsof the wires between the rigid manifold and spark plugs.

27. In a radio shielding means for internal combustion engines a rigidmanifold, a plurality of ignition wires carried in the manifold andextending therefrom through outlets in the manifold and bendablemetallic sheaths connected to the manifold at the outlets to shieldtheextended portion of the wires from plugs. v

28. In a radio shielding. means for internal combustion engines a rigidmanifold, a plurality of ignition wires carried in the manifold andexthe manifold to spark tending therefrom through outlets in themanifold and bendable metallic sheaths removably connected to themanifold at the outlets to shield the extended portion of the wires fromthe manifold to spark plugs.

29. In a radio shielding means for internal combustion engines a. rigidmanifold, a plurality of ignition wires carried in the manifold andextending therefrom through outlets in the manifold and flexibleconduits around the extended portion of the wires between the manifoldand spark plugs.

30. In a radio shielding means for internal combustion engines a rigidmanifold, a plurality of ignition wires carried in the manifold andextending therefrom through outlets in the manifold and flexibleconduits removably connected to the manifold at the outlets to enclosewires from the manifold to spark plugs.

31. In a radio shielding means for internal combustion engines a mainelement, a plurality of ignition wires carried in the main element andextending therefrom, bendable metallic sheaths around theextendedportio-ns of the wires between the main element and spark plugsand means to connect the metallic sheaths to shielding of the sparkplugs, said bendable sheaths being readily detachable from both the mainelement and the shielding of the spark plugs.

32. In a radio shielding means for internal combustion engines a mainelement, a plurality of ignition wires carried in the main element andextending therefrom, flexible conduits surrounding the extended portionsof the'wires between the main element and spark plugs and means toconnect the flexible conduits to shielding of the spark plugs, saidflexible conduits being readily detachable from both the main elementand the shielding of the spark plugs.

33. In a radio shielding means for internal combustion engines a mainelement, a plurality of ig-' niti on wires carried in the main elementand extending therefrom, flexible conduits surrounding the extendedportions of the wires between the main element and spark plugs andscrewthreaded means to connect the flexible conduits to shielding of thespark plugs.

34. In a radio shielding means for internal combustion engines a mainelement, a plurality of ignition wires carried in the main element andextending therefrom, flexible conduits surrounding the extended portionsof the wires between the main element and spark plugs and means toremovably connect the flexible conduits to shielding of the spark plugsand to the main element.

35. In a radio shielding means for internal combustion engines a mainelement, a plurality of ignition wires carried in the main element andextending therefrom, flexible conduits surrounding the extended portionsof the wires between the main element and spark plugs and screw-threadedmeans to connect the flexible conduits to shielding of the spark plugsand to the main element.

36. A radio shielding means for the ignition system of an internalcombustion engine comprising a rigid, sectional manifold, ignition wiresenclosed in and electrically shielded by saidrsections and flexibleshielding elements to enclose and shield one or more ignition wiresbetween the sections of the manifold and the spark plugs of the engine.

37. A radio shielding means for the ignition system of an internalcombustion engine comprising a rigid sectional manifold, said sectionshaving means to join the sections together, ignition wires enclosed inand electrically shielded by said sections and flexible shieldingelements to enclose and shield one or more ignition wires between thesections of the manifold and the spark plugs of the engine.

38. In combination with tion engine having an ignition system and sparkplugs, a radio shielding means for the ignition system comprising a.plurality of rigid members to enclose and electrically shield ignitionwires 0 an internal combusand flexible shielding elements to enclose andshield individual wires between the rigid members and the spark plugs.

39. In combination with an internal combustion engine having an ignitionsystem and spark plugs, a radio shielding means for the ignition systemcomprising a plurality of rigid members to enclose and electricallyshield ignitionwires, outlets on the rigid members and flexible conduitsconnected to the outlets to enclose and shield one or more wires betweenthe rigid members and the spark plugs.

40. In combination with an internal combustion engine having an ignitionsystem and spark plugs, a radio shielding means for the ignition systemcomprising a plurality of rigid members to enclose and electricallyshield ignition wires, projecting outlets on the rigid members andflexible conduits connected to the outlets to enclose and shield one or,more wires between the rigid members and the spark plugs.

41. In combination with an internal combustion engine having an ignitionsystem and spark plugs, a radio shielding means for the ignition systemcomprising a plurality oi rigid members to enclose and electricallyshield ignition wires and a plurality of flexible shielding elements toenclose and shield individual wires between the rigid members and thespark plugs, one end of each flexible element being removably connectedto a rigid member and the opposite end connected to shielding on a sparkplug.

42. In combination with an internal combustion engine having an ignitionsystem and spark plugs, a. radio shielding means for the ignition systemcomprising a plurality'of rigid members to enclose and electricallyshield ignition wires and a plurality of flexible shielding elements toenclose and shield individual wires between the rigid members and thespark plugs, one end of each flexible element being removably connectedI 'to a projecting outlet on one of the rigid members and the oppositeend connected to shielding on a spark plug.

43. In combination with an internal combustion engine having an ignitionsystem and spark plugs, a radio shielding means for the ignition systemcomprising a plurality of rigid members to enclose and electricallyshield ignition wires. flexible shielding elements to enclose and shieldindividual wires between the rigid members and the spark plugs, one endof each flexible element being removably connectedto a rigid member andthe opposite end connected to shielding on a spark plug and shielding onthe spark plugs.

JOSEPH J. MASCUCH.

